Origin And Development
Rajasthani school of miniature painting flourished between 16th to early 19th century in the principalities of Rajasthan. Dr. A coomarswami The great scholar of Indian Art History discovered this school and introduced it as Rajput school.
Later this school was called Rajasthani school. Rajasthan is divided in to parts by the aravali parvat,on the west are the jodhpur ,Bikaner and Jaisalmer to the east Mewar ,Bubdi ,kishangarh and kota .first of all the painting started from Mewar to Bundi and other parts of state.
It was inspired and influenced by Jain manuscripts painting of Gujrat along with Indian traditional art. Krishna leela is the most popular theme in the Rajasthani school. these topic have been derived from the literary work of Surdas .Tulsidas ,Meera bai Keshav das and Bihari lal also from Bhagvat Puran Ramayna and Geet Govinda etc.
Earlier this style was inspired by Vaishnava religion at that time the followers of Ramanuj like Ballabhachaarya Chaitany Mahaprabhu etc. Had reached this religion to the climax. Important illustrations of Ramayna and Mahabharat of this school are also founded.
Besides this theme later on painting have been done on romance ,general folk themes .illustration on Ragmala ,Barhmasa and Nayk -Nayika bheda,etc.Mewar ,Bubdi jodhpur , Bikaner ,Kishangharh and Jaipur are the sub-school of Rajasthani school of minture painting .
Main Features
Verity of themes – There is a great verity in themes of Rajasthani paintings. themes are based on sessions (Brahmasa) music, hunting scenes religious themes like Ramayna, Mahabharta, love scenes and krishan and Radha have been depicted.
Color scheme – The main colour used are the primery colours (red blue and yellow) green, brown and white. other colours in use are golden and silver.
Costumes – Females are wearing lehenga and choli with transparent dupatta, males are wearing turbun, jhabba , patka and pazama .
Facial feature – Face of full of emotions and feelings are the according the moods. The face is elongated, oval and profile (side pose) the forehead is in inclining downwards, long and pointed nose swelling out lips and pointed chin.
Depiction of women – The women of kishangarh school are very impressive Bani Thani of kishangarh school are world fame painting.
Lines– the lines are very fine powerful and rhythmic.
Depiction of nature – Nature has also been depicted very beautifully, different types of trees, floral trees, mountains, water, springs and lakes have been depicted in very attractive manners.
Silent Features
1. Diversity in Themes, Scenes of any activity related of religion, Social, Court hunting Nayak – Nayika Bheda , Season (Barah Masa ),Rag Ragini etc.
2.The Powerful And rhythmic lines of this school are from old traditional Indian Art.
3. Glowing colours in deep harmonious contrast.
4. Variety of costumes of male and female of Rajasthan region .
5. Inspired from Indian epics, devotional poetry, Romantic poetry, and Indian Music.
6. Human Faces are shown from different angle.
7. Female figures are frequently painted .
8. Mostly Face are profile .
9. Classification of feminine charm in different modes and moods.
10. Some Large paintings are only at Kishangarh, Kota, Bundi and Bikaner.
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